History of Artificial Intelligence

      The academic roots of AI, and the concept of intelligent machines, May be found in Greek Mythology. Intelligent artifacts appear in journalism since then, with real mechanical devices actually indicating behavior with some degree of intelligence. After modern computers became available following World War-II, it has become possible to create programs that perform difficult academic tasks. The study of logic led directly to the discovery of the programmable digital electronic computer, based on the work of mathematician Alan Turing and others. Turing's theory of calculation suggested that a machine, by shuffling symbols as simple as "0" and "1", could replicate any conceivable (imaginable) act of mathematical assumption. This, along with simultaneous discoveries in neurology, information theory and cybernetics, inspired a small group of researchers to begin to seriously think the possibility of structure an electronic brain.

    

     Artificial Intelligence began to be used in large projects with practical applications in the 1980s. The next time the daylight is passed, the artificial intelligence has been adapted to solve real life problems. Even when the needs of users are already met with traditional methods, the use of artificial intelligence has reached to a much wider range thanks to more economical software and tools. 

                                                               

 THE RENAISSANCE OF NEURAL NETWORKS

1985 TO 1990 

         In the early 1980s, Japan announced the ambitious "Fifth Generation Project," which was designed, among other things, to carry out practically applicable AI cutting-edge research. For the AI development, the Japanese favored the programming language PROLOG, which had been introduced in the seventies as the European counterpart to the USdominated LISP. In PROLOG, a certain form of predicate logic can be used directly as a programming language. Japan and Europe were largely PROLOG-dominated in the

sequence, in the US continued to rely on LISP. In the mid 80's the symbolic AI got competition from the resurrected neural networks. Based on brain research results, McCulloch, Pitts, and Hebb first developed mathematical models for artificial neural networks in the 1940s. But then lacked powerful computers. Now in the eighties, the McCulloch-Pitts neuron experienced a renaissance in the form of so-called connectionism.

      McCulloch and Pitts introduced the ability to assign various functions to robots by utilizing artificial intelligence studies, artificial nerve cells and different science branches at the product development focus pointing to human behaviors. Nevertheless, the first steps of the one-arm robot workers in the factory were taken. In 1956, McCarthy, Minsky, Shannon and Rochester in the study process conducted by the artificial intelligence put forward the name McCarthy, artificial intelligence could be described as the father of the name.