The academic roots of AI, and the concept of
intelligent machines, May be found in Greek
Mythology. Intelligent artifacts appear in
journalism since then, with real mechanical
devices actually indicating behavior with some
degree of intelligence. After modern computers
became available following World War-II, it has
become possible to create programs that
perform difficult academic tasks. The study of
logic led directly to the discovery of the
programmable digital electronic computer,
based on the work of mathematician Alan
Turing and others. Turing's theory of calculation
suggested that a machine, by shuffling symbols
as simple as "0" and "1", could replicate any
conceivable (imaginable) act of mathematical
assumption. This, along with simultaneous
discoveries in neurology, information theory and cybernetics, inspired a small group of
researchers to begin to seriously think the
possibility of structure an electronic brain.
Artificial Intelligence began to be used in large projects
with practical applications in the 1980s. The next time the
daylight is passed, the artificial intelligence has been
adapted to solve real life problems. Even when the needs of
users are already met with traditional methods, the use of
artificial intelligence has reached to a much wider range
thanks to more economical software and tools.
THE RENAISSANCE OF NEURAL NETWORKS
1985 TO 1990
In the early 1980s, Japan announced the ambitious "Fifth Generation Project," which was designed, among other things, to carry out practically applicable AI cutting-edge research. For the AI development, the Japanese favored the programming language PROLOG, which had been introduced in the seventies as the European counterpart to the USdominated LISP. In PROLOG, a certain form of predicate logic can be used directly as a programming language. Japan and Europe were largely PROLOG-dominated in the
sequence, in the US continued to rely on LISP. In the mid 80's the symbolic AI got competition from the resurrected neural networks. Based on brain research results, McCulloch, Pitts, and Hebb first developed mathematical models for artificial neural networks in the 1940s. But then lacked powerful computers. Now in the eighties, the McCulloch-Pitts neuron experienced a renaissance in the form of so-called connectionism.
McCulloch and Pitts introduced the ability to assign various functions to robots by utilizing artificial intelligence studies, artificial nerve cells and different science branches at the product development focus pointing to human behaviors. Nevertheless, the first steps of the one-arm robot workers in the factory were taken. In 1956, McCarthy, Minsky, Shannon and Rochester in the study process conducted by the artificial intelligence put forward the name McCarthy, artificial intelligence could be described as the father of the name.